Automobiles are a common mode of transportation in the United States and around the world. They are a symbol of freedom, mobility, and flexibility in modern society. They are also a major source of environmental pollution, urban sprawl, traffic congestion and road rage.
The automobile evolved into the dominant form of ground transportation during the first half of the twentieth century in the United States. It spawned a vast network of interstate highways and spurred the development of suburban sprawl. But it also produced a host of stubborn social ills: air pollution, traffic jams, road rage, and a major contribution to global climate change.
THE AUTOMOBILE AND THE AMERICAN INDUSTRY: A DAILY WORKER’S TOOL
The automobile, like many other industrial tools, evolved into a daily worker’s tool as it was adopted by American manufacturers and used to build a wide range of items. Ford’s mass-production techniques rapidly cut the price of reliable automobiles and, more important, transformed the economic landscape and opened new opportunities for remunerative industrial employment to unskilled workers.
Engines & Lubrication
An automobile’s internal combustion engine consists of a crankshaft that spins a number of cylinders, which turn the crankshaft in an orderly sequence. In each cylinder, a piston, or a set of pistons, pushes air into an oil cylinder and forces the lubricant (usually petroleum) through a series of passages and holes to all of the various parts of the engine, where it reduces friction and heat. The lubrication system also keeps the pistons cool by carrying off the hot air that is forced into them when they are in operation.
THE AUTOMOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The engine in an automobile is one of the most essential components. Its power is transmitted to the wheels via a transmission that uses gears to direct the energy of the engine to the rear or front wheels of the automobile. Typically, there are three forward gears plus a reverse gear; however, some manual transmissions use four or even five gears. Each gear has a different ratio of the number of revolutions per minute to the output that the transmission sends to the wheels.
Most automobiles have four to eight cylinders; some mid-sized cars are equipped with six or even twelve. The larger the car, the more cylinders are needed to provide enough power for it to move quickly and smoothly.
TYPES OF AUTOMOBILE: A car is generally classified into two categories, passenger and utility vehicles. The former is designed primarily for transporting passengers, while the latter is usually a van or SUV that can carry a large load of goods or people.
Vehicles with two- or three-wheel drive are a good choice for drivers in regions that have snow or ice. For those who travel a lot, SUVs are a great option because they are designed to be versatile and customizable.
SUVs are also a good choice for families with children or pets because they have lots of storage space.
Having your own vehicle is one of the best things that you can do for yourself because it makes your life easier and more convenient. It saves you time and money on your commute or shopping trips, and it also allows you to visit friends or family more often.